With any hazard, it is best to try and eliminate the risk. For example, by reorganising the way a job is done, using a different chemical, work process or equipment.

If a risk can’t be eliminated, it needs to be minimised or controlled so that no‑one can be injured.

In many instances a combination of control measures is used to control hazards. The following list of controls is in order of preference and known as the hierarchy of hazard controls.

1.  Design or Reorganise to Eliminate the Hazard from the workplace

Try to ensure that hazards are designed out when new materials, equipment and work systems are being planned for the workplace.

2.  Remove or Substitute

Where possible remove the hazard or substitute with less hazardous materials, equipment or substances.

3.  Adopt a Safer Approach

Alterations to tools, equipment or work systems can often make them much safer.

4.  Enclose or Isolate the Hazard

This can be done through the use of guards or remote handling techniques.  This is an engineering control.

5.  Provide Effective Ventilation

This can be done through local or general exhaust ventilation systems. This is an engineering control.

6.  Administrative Procedures

Establish appropriate procedures such as:

* Job rotation to reduce exposure time or boredom, or timing the work so

that fewer employees are exposed

* Routine maintenance and housekeeping procedures

* Training on hazards and correct work methods.

7.  Personal Protective Equipment

Provide suitable and properly maintained personal protective equipment and ensure employees are trained in its proper use. Examples include gloves, earplugs, etc.

Personal protective equipment should be used when other control measures are not practical, and as the last line of defence.